Index

Index
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assign

and Fortran I/O

assign and Fortran I/O

alternative file names

Alternative File Names

buffer size selection

Buffer Size Specification

direct-access I/O tuning

Direct-access I/O Tuning

file structure selection

File Structure Selection

foreign file format specification

Foreign File Format Specification

Fortran file truncation

Fortran File Truncation

assign basics

assign Basics

assign command

The assign Command

open processing

Open Processing

related library routines

Related Library Routines

local assign

Local assign

assign command

syntax

The assign Command

assign environment

The assign Environment

related library routines

Related Library Routines

assign library routines

calling sequences

Related Library Routines

auxiliary I/O

Auxiliary I/O

bin processing

assign -s bin File Processing (Not Recommended)

blocked file structure

COS or Blocked File Structure

bufa layer

The bufa and cachea Layers
The bufa Layer

BUFFER IN/BUFFER OUT

The LENGTH Intrinsic

advantages

BUFFER IN/BUFFER OUT Routines

buffer size considerations

Buffer Size Considerations

buffer size specification

Buffer Size Specification

buffering

Buffering

introduction to

Buffering Overview

library buffering

Library Buffering

overview

Buffering Overview

system cache

System Cache

unbuffered I/O

Unbuffered I/O

buffers

usage

Buffering Overview

C I/O

C I/O from Fortran

C I/O from Fortran

FILE type

usage

C I/O from Fortran

functions

C I/O from Fortran

mixing Fortran and C I/O

C I/O from Fortran

cache layer

The cache Layer
The cache Layer

and improved I/O performance

The cache Layer

specification

The cache Layer

cachea layer

The bufa and cachea Layers
The cachea Layer

characteristics of individual layers

Characteristics of Layers

data model

Characteristics of Layers

granularity

Characteristics of Layers

implementation strategy

Characteristics of Layers

truncate on write

Characteristics of Layers

conversion methods

advantages and disadvantages

Choosing a Conversion Method

COS blocked file structure

and ENDFILE records

COS or Blocked File Structure

example

formatted file

File Structure Selection

COS blocked files

and FFIO

Reading and Writing COS Blocked Files

cos blocking layer

The cos Blocking Layer

cos file structure

COS or Blocked File Structure

creating an I/O layer

Creating a user Layer

internal functions

Internal Functions

operations structure

The Operations Structure

stat structure

FFIO and the Stat Structure

data conversion

Minimizing Data Conversions

data copying

Minimizing Data Copying

data item conversion

explicit conversion

advantages/disadvantages

Explicit Conversion

implicit conversion

data manipulation

characteristics

Characteristics of Layers

data output flow

Overview

data transfer

input statement

READ

Data Transfer Statements

output statement

PRINT

Data Transfer Statements

WRITE

Data Transfer Statements

definitions

external file

Files

external unit identifier

Files

file position

External Files

internal file

Files

internal unit identifier

Files

direct access

external file properties

External Files

direct-access I/O tuning

Direct-access I/O Tuning

distributed I/O

The global Layer

environment variables

LISTIO_PRECISION

List-directed I/O

EOF records

in standard Fortran

External Files

event layer

The event Layer

examples

assign -a

Alternative File Names

BACKSPACE statement

File Positioning Statements

buffer size specification

Buffer Size Specification

COS blocked file structure

formatted file

File Structure Selection

direct access edit-directed I/O statement

Edit-directed I/O

direct access unformatted I/O statement

Unformatted I/O

ENDFILE statement

File Positioning Statements

explicit named open statement

Fortran Unit Identifiers

explicit unnamed open statement

Fortran Unit Identifiers

file structure selection

File Structure Selection

Fortran interfaces to C functions

C I/O from Fortran

implicit open statement

Fortran Unit Identifiers

ISHELL call

Named Pipes

layered I/O

Layered I/O Options

LENGTH function

The LENGTH Intrinsic

list-directed READ statement

List-directed I/O

list-directed WRITE statement

List-directed I/O

local assign mode

Local assign

named pipe

Named Pipes

named pipes file structure

Named Pipes

namelist I/O

Namelist I/O

OPEN statement

File Connection Statements

piped I/O with EOF detection

Piped I/O Example with End-of-file Detection

piped I/O with no EOF detection

Piped I/O Example without End-of-file Detection

sequential access edit-directed READ statement

Edit-directed I/O

sequential access edit-directed WRITE statement

Edit-directed I/O

sequential access unformatted READ statement

Unformatted I/O

sequential access unformatted WRITE statement

Unformatted I/O

specifying I/O class

Layered I/O

specifying I/O processing steps

Using Layered I/O

READ requests

Using Layered I/O

unblocked file structure

File Structure Selection

UNIT function

The UNIT Intrinsic

user layer

user Layer Example

explicit data conversion

definition

Conversion Overview

explicit data item conversion

Explicit Data Item Conversion

explicit named open statement

example

Fortran Unit Identifiers

explicit unnamed open statement

example

Fortran Unit Identifiers

external file

Files

external files

direct access

External Files

format

External Files

sequential access

External Files

external unit identifier

Files

external units

and file connections

External Files

f77 layer

The f77 Layer

fd layer

The fd Layer

fdcp tool

Using fdcp to Transfer Files

FFIO

and buffer size considerations

Buffer Size Considerations

and Fortran I/O forms

Layered I/O

and performance enhancements

Enhancing Performance

and reading and writing COS files

Reading and Writing COS Blocked Files

and reading and writing fixed-length records

Reading and Writing Fixed-length Records

and reading and writing unblocked files

Reading and Writing Unblocked Files

common formats

FFIO and Common Formats

error messages

The Message System

introduction

Introduction to FFIO

reading and writing text files

Reading and Writing Text Files

removing blocking

Removing Blocking

using the bufa layer

The bufa and cachea Layers

using the cache layer

The cache Layer

using the cachea layer

The bufa and cachea Layers

FFIO and foreign data

foreign conversion tips

workstation and IEEE conversion

Workstation and IEEE Conversion

FFIO and the stat structure

FFIO and the Stat Structure

FFIO layer reference

individual layers

bufa layer

The bufa Layer

cache layer

The cache Layer

cachea layer

The cachea Layer

COS blocking layer

The cos Blocking Layer

event layer

The event Layer

f77 layer

The f77 Layer

fd layer

The fd Layer

global layer

The global Layer

null layer

The null layer

syscall layer

The syscall Layer

system layer

The system Layer

text layer

The text Layer

user and site layers

The user and site Layers

vms layer

The vms Layer

FFIO specifications

text files

Reading and Writing Text Files

using with text files

Reading and Writing Text Files

using with unblocked files

Reading and Writing Unblocked Files

file access

External Files

direct access

External Files

sequential access

External Files

file connections

alternative file names

Alternative File Names

tuning

assign and Fortran I/O

file positioning statement

File Positioning Statements

file properties

External Files

file structure

File Structures

alternatives

using assign

File Structure Selection

assign options

File Structures

COS file structure

COS or Blocked File Structure

default

File Structure Selection

selection

File Structure Selection

text file structures

Text File Structure

unblocked file structure

Unblocked File Structure

bin file processing

assign -s bin File Processing (Not Recommended)

sbin file processing

assign -s sbin File Processing (Not Recommended)

u file processing

assign -s u File Processing

file structure overhead

Optimizing File Structure Overhead

file truncation

activating and suppressing

Fortran File Truncation

FILE type

available buffering

C I/O from Fortran

used with C I/O functions

C I/O from Fortran

fixed-length records

and FFIO

Reading and Writing Fixed-length Records

foreign conversion tips

workstation and IEEE conversion

Workstation and IEEE Conversion

foreign file conversion

and fdcp

Using fdcp to Transfer Files

choosing conversion methods

Choosing a Conversion Method

conversion techniques

Foreign Conversion Techniques

data item conversion

Data Item Conversion

explicit data item conversion

Explicit Data Item Conversion

implicit data item conversion

Implicit Data Item Conversion

overview

Conversion Overview

routines

Explicit Data Item Conversion

foreign file format specifications

Foreign File Format Specification

foreign I/O formats

supported data types

Implicit Data Item Conversion

formatted I/O statements

optimizing

Edit-directed I/O

types

Formatted I/O

formatted record size

Changing Library Buffer Sizes

Fortran I/O extensions

Fortran I/O Extensions

BUFFER IN/BUFFER OUT

BUFFER IN/BUFFER OUT Routines

LENGTH function

The LENGTH Intrinsic

UNIT intrinsic routine

The UNIT Intrinsic

Fortran standard

auxiliary I/O statements

BACKSPACE file positioning statement

File Positioning Statements

ENDFILE file positioning statement

File Positioning Statements

file connection statements

File Connection Statements
File Connection Statements

file positioning statements

File Positioning Statements

INQUIRE statement

The INQUIRE Statement

OPEN

File Connection Statements

REWIND file positioning statement

File Positioning Statements

auxilliary I/O statements

Auxiliary I/O

data transfer

formatted I/O

Formatted I/O

data transfer statements

Data Transfer Statements

edit-directed formatted I/O

Edit-directed I/O

list-directed formatted I/O

List-directed I/O

namelist I/O

Namelist I/O

unformatted I/O

Unformatted I/O

external files

External Files

file access

External Files

file name specification

Files

file properties

External Files

file types

Files

files

direct file access

External Files

external files

External Files

file position

External Files

form

External Files

internal files

Internal Files

sequential file access

External Files

formatted I/O statements

optimizing

Edit-directed I/O

Fortran unit identifiers

Fortran Unit Identifiers

overview

Standard Fortran I/O

overview of files

Files

Fortran unit identifiers

Fortran Unit Identifiers

valid unit numbers

Fortran Unit Identifiers

global I/O

The global Layer

global layer

The global Layer

implicit data conversion

definition

Conversion Overview

implicit data item conversion

Implicit Data Item Conversion

supported conversions

Implicit Data Item Conversion

implicit open

example

Fortran Unit Identifiers

implied unit numbers

Fortran Unit Identifiers

increasing formatted record size

Changing Library Buffer Sizes

individual layer reference

FFIO Layer Reference

INQUIRE statement

The INQUIRE Statement

INQUIRE by file statement

The INQUIRE Statement

INQUIRE by unit statement

The INQUIRE Statement

internal file

Files

internal file identifier

Files

internal files

definition

Internal Files

format

Internal Files

standard Fortran

Internal Files

introduction to FFIO

layered I/O

Layered I/O

layered I/O options

Layered I/O Options

I/O forms

and FFIO usage

Layered I/O

I/O layers

I/O Layers
Overview

supported operations

Characteristics of Layers

unblocked data transfer

Removing Blocking

I/O optimization

I/O Optimization

avoiding formatted I/O

Minimizing Data Conversions

bypassing library buffers

Bypassing Library Buffers

characterizing files

Overview

data conversions

Minimizing Data Conversions

file structure overhead

Optimizing File Structure Overhead

library buffer sizes

Changing Library Buffer Sizes

optimizing speed

Optimizing I/O Speed

overlapping CPU and I/O

Overlapping CPU and I/O

overview

Overview

overview of optimization techniques

An Overview of Optimization Techniques

source code changes

Optimizations That Affect Source Code

summary of techniques

Optimizations Not Affecting Source Code

system requests

Optimizing System Requests

using asynchronous read-ahead/write-behind

Using Asynchronous Read-ahead and Write-behind

using pipes

Using Pipes

using scratch files

Scratch Files

using simpler file structures

Using Simpler File Structures

using the cache layer

Using a Cache Layer

I/O processing steps

Layered I/O

description

Layered I/O

I/O classes

I/O Layers

specifying I/O class

Layered I/O

example

Layered I/O

layered I/O

Using Layered I/O

options

Layered I/O Options

overview

Layered I/O

specifying layers

I/O Layers

usage

Using Layered I/O

usage rules

Layered I/O Options

library buffer sizes

Changing Library Buffer Sizes

library buffering

Library Buffering

library error messages

flexible file I/O error messages

The Message System

message system

The Message System

system error messages

The Message System

LISTIO_PRECISION

List-directed I/O

local assign mode

Local assign

logical device

definition

Buffering Overview

multitasking

standard Fortran I/O

Multithreading and Standard Fortran I/O

multithreading

Multithreading and Standard Fortran I/O

named pipes

Named Pipes

and binary data

Named Pipes

and EOF

Named Pipes

detecting EOF

Detecting End-of-file on a Named Pipe

difference from normal files

Named Pipes

ISHELL call

Named Pipes

MAXPIPE parameter

Named Pipes

piped I/O example (EOF detection)

Piped I/O Example with End-of-file Detection

piped I/O example (no EOF detection)

Piped I/O Example without End-of-file Detection

receiving process

file structure

Named Pipes

restrictions

Named Pipes

sending process

specifying file structure for binary data

Named Pipes

syntax

Named Pipes

with EOF detection

usage requirements

Detecting End-of-file on a Named Pipe

namelist I/O

Namelist I/O

null layer

The null layer

open processing

Open Processing

and INQUIRE statement

Alternative File Names

operations in FFIO

The Operations Structure

optimization techniques

An Overview of Optimization Techniques

performance enhancements

Enhancing Performance

permanent files

definition

Overview

physical device I/O activities

Optimizing System Requests

position property

definition

External Files

Pthreads

Multithreading and Standard Fortran I/O

raw I/O

Unbuffered I/O

read system call

Synchronous I/O

record blocking

removal

Removing Blocking

sbin processing

assign -s sbin File Processing (Not Recommended)

sequential access

external file properties

External Files

setbuf function

C I/O from Fortran

setvbuf function

C I/O from Fortran

site layer

The user and site Layers

standard error

unit number

Fortran Unit Identifiers

standard Fortran

EOF records

External Files

standard input

unit number

Fortran Unit Identifiers

standard output

unit number

Fortran Unit Identifiers

stream

definition

C I/O from Fortran

supported implicit data conversions

Implicit Data Item Conversion

syscall layer

The syscall Layer

system cache

System Cache

definition

Buffering Overview

system I/O

System I/O

asynchronous I/O

Asynchronous I/O

synchronous I/O

Synchronous I/O

unbuffered I/O

Unbuffered I/O

system layer

The system Layer

temporary files

definition

Overview

text file structure

Text File Structure

text files

and FFIO

Reading and Writing Text Files

text layer

The text Layer

u file processing

assign -s u File Processing

unblocked data transfer

I/O layers

Removing Blocking

unblocked file structure

and BACKSPACE statement

Unblocked File Structure

and BUFFER IN/BUFFER OUT statements

Unblocked File Structure

definition

Unblocked File Structure

example

File Structure Selection

specifications

Unblocked File Structure

unblocked files

and FFIO

Reading and Writing Unblocked Files

unbuffered I/O

Unbuffered I/O

unformatted I/O

Unformatted I/O

UNIT intrinsic routine

The UNIT Intrinsic

unit number

standard error

Fortran Unit Identifiers

access mode and form

Fortran Unit Identifiers

standard input

Fortran Unit Identifiers

standard output

Fortran Unit Identifiers

UNIX FFIO special files

Named Pipe Support

usage rules

layered I/O options

Layered I/O Options

user layer

The user and site Layers

user layer example

user Layer Example

valid unit numbers

Fortran Unit Identifiers

vms layer

The vms Layer

well-formed requests

definition

Buffering Overview

workstation and IEEE conversion

Workstation and IEEE Conversion

write system call

Synchronous I/O